STUDIES

id.DRIVE facilitates the conduct of different studies under a common data collection: respiratory viruses surveillance, COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine effectiveness. In addition, id.DRIVE carries out a study to assess the detection rate of RSV, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and parainfluenza virus (PIV) when using multi-specimen collection compared to a single nasopharyngeal swab.

As of September 2026, more than 40,00 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) patients have been recruited in the id.DRIVE studies. Patient recruitment started in September 2021 for the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness study. The common data collection was launched on 26 July 2024 by including the surveillance study data, followed by RSV vaccine effectiveness data collection in fall 2024, and the multi-specimen pilot study in January 2026.

* Season 2024-2025 results published in Infectious Disease and Therapy
† Season 2023-2024 results published in European Journal of Public Health, Journal of Infection and Public Health, eClinicalMedicine, PLOS One

Surveillance of respiratory viruses

  • Multi-country hospital-based study monitoring viral respiratory infections in adults hospitalised for severe acute respiratory infection.
  • The data collection runs per epidemiological year from 1 September to 31 August of the following year. Participating study contributors (sites) may change from season to season.
  • The 2026-27 season is the third consecutive season of data collection for the id.DRIVE surveillance study.
Primary objectives
  • Calculate the proportion of positive laboratory samples for viral respiratory pathogens
  • Characterise adult SARI patients
Secondary objectives
  • Prevalence of co-infection and impact on healthcare utilisation outcomes
Exploratory objectives
  • Pathogen-specific SARI incidences
  • Feasibility assessments for future respiratory disease studies

EMA Real-World Data Catalogue EUPAS1000000012

The latest protocol version can be found here.

COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness

  • Multi-country hospital-based test-negative case-control design.
  • The study was initiated at the request of AstraZeneca and Janssen in September 2021 within the COVIDRIVE program, and was joined later by Novavax, Valneva, and Pfizer to fulfil their regulatory commitments.
Primary objectives
  • Brand-specific COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness
Secondary objectives
  • Brand-specific COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness:
    • by SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants
    • within populations of special interest
    • by time since last dose
    • by time between doses
    • by number or type of doses given prior to last dose
Exploratory objectives
  • Brand-specific COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness:
    • by severity level
    • by calendar time
    • by history and calendar time of prior infection
  • Effect of vaccination on length of hospital stay

EMA Real-World Data Catalogue EUPAS42328

The latest protocol version can be found here.

RSV Vaccine Effectiveness

  • Multi-country hospital-based test-negative case-control design.
  • The study was initiated at the request of Pfizer in fall 2024.
Primary objectives
  • Brand-specific RSV vaccine effectiveness
Secondary objectives
  • Brand-specific RSV vaccine effectiveness:
    • by RSV subtype A and B infection
    • by population of special interest
    • by time since vaccination
    • by calendar time
    • by modified SARI severity level

EMA Real-World Data Catalogue EUPAS1000000035

The latest protocol version can be found here.

Multi-specimen detection rate study

  • Prospective cohort pilot study in patients with an (severe) acute respiratory infection conducted in a network of healthcare settings in Valencia (Spain).
  • Pilot study to assess the detection rates of RSV, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and parainfluenza virus (PIV) when using multi-specimen collection compared to a single nasopharyngeal swab.
Primary objectives
  • Assess detection rates of RSV, hMPV and PIV in adult (s)ARI patients
Secondary objectives
  • Assess detection rates of RSV, hMPV and PIV:
    • by age categories, sex at birth, time since symptom onset categories, setting, diagnosis and common chronic conditions
  • Assess RSV detection rates by RSV vaccination status
  • Assess SARS-CoV-2 detection rates by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status
  • Assess Influenza detection rates by Influenza vaccination status
Exploratory objectives
  • Assess detection rates of co-infections
  • Assess detection rates of RSV, hMPV and PIV by subtype or serotype
  • Assess detection rates of viral pathogens tested by multiplex panel RT-PCR

EMA Real-World Data Catalogue EUPAS1000000780

The latest protocol version can be found here.